Neurodivergent vs Neurodiverse: Key Differences Explained

n discussions about autism and cognitive diversity, the terms "neurodivergent" and "neurodiverse" are often used interchangeably. However, they have distinct meanings that are important to understand, particularly in the context of neurodiversity.

This article will explore "neurodivergent vs neurodiverse" in depth, clarify the difference between neurodivergent and autism, and discuss how these terms relate to each other. Whether you're wondering about "autistic vs neurodivergent" or "neurodivergent vs autistic," this guide will help clarify these essential concepts.

At the outset, it's worth noting that defining "neurodiversity" is not straightforward. Many researchers emphasize that its meaning continues to evolve. Early references by journalist Harvey Blume and sociologist Judy Singer in the late 1990s provided broad and flexible descriptions. As a result, the concept of neurodiversity has been shaped and reinterpreted over time, allowing for diverse perspectives on what it entails and how it applies to different contexts. 

The term neurodivergent describes individuals whose brain functions in ways that diverge from what is considered typical. Neurodivergence is an umbrella term that includes various neurological conditions and cognitive differences, such as:

• Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

• Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

• Dyslexia

• Dyspraxia

• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

• Tourette’s Syndrome

Neurodivergent individuals process information, think, and perceive the world differently from the majority, often exhibiting unique strengths and challenges.

The term neurodiverse refers to a group of individuals with different types of neurological functioning. A single person cannot be neurodiverse, but a community, team, or society can be.

For example, a workplace with autistic employees, neurotypical employees, and people with ADHD would be considered neurodiverse. The term emphasizes the variety of cognitive styles within a group rather than labeling any individual.

This distinction is a common point of confusion in the "neurodivergent vs neurodiverse" discussion, but remembering that neurodiverse refers to a collective group helps clarify the difference.

Understanding the difference between neurodivergent and neurodiverse is crucial for promoting inclusivity and accurate language use.

When discussing an individual, it is more accurate to say they are "neurodivergent." When describing a group that includes a mix of neurological variations, the term "neurodiverse" is more appropriate.

For example:

• ✅ "She is neurodivergent and has ADHD."
• ✅ "Our classroom is neurodiverse, including students with different learning styles."
• ❌ "He is neurodiverse."

Using the correct terminology ensures clarity and respects the identity of neurodivergent individuals.

A common question is whether "autistic vs neurodivergent" is a meaningful distinction.

The answer: All autistic individuals are neurodivergent, but not all neurodivergent individuals are autistic.

Autism is one of several conditions under the neurodivergent umbrella, meaning autistic people fall within this category. However, someone with ADHD, dyslexia, or another cognitive difference is also neurodivergent, even if they are not autistic.

Similarly, in the "neurodivergent vs autistic" discussion, it’s essential to recognize that while these terms overlap, they are not interchangeable.

The phrase "neurodivergent vs autism" highlights another common area of confusion.

Autism is a specific condition, whereas neurodivergence is a broader term encompassing multiple conditions.

Autism is a form of neurodivergence, but neurodivergence includes other cognitive differences beyond autism. Understanding this distinction helps create a more nuanced perspective on cognitive diversity.

Judy Singer, an autistic sociologist, arguably coined the term neurodiversity in the 1990s to shift away from deficit-based language. This movement encourages society to view neurodivergence not as a disorder but as a natural variation of human cognition.

Recognizing and respecting neurodivergent individuals allows society to harness diverse perspectives, talents, and strengths. Many neurodivergent people excel in pattern recognition, creativity, analytical thinking, and deep focus—skills highly valued in fields such as technology, science, and the arts.

When considering "neurodivergent vs neurodiverse," the key takeaway is that neurodivergent refers to individuals, while neurodiverse applies to groups. Similarly, in debates about "autistic vs neurodivergent" or "neurodivergent vs autistic," remember that autism falls under the neurodivergent spectrum, but not all neurodivergent individuals are autistic.

By embracing the neurodiversity movement and understanding these terms, we can foster a more inclusive, supportive, and informed society that values cognitive diversity.

Understanding and using the right language is a small but powerful step toward greater inclusivity. 

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💡 Want to learn more about how colors represent neurodivergence? Read our in-depth article: Light It Up Gold for Autism Acceptance.

This article, "Neurodivergent vs Neurodiverse: Key Differences Explained," has been edited and adapted by Bendan McDonald from the article “What do “neurodiverse” and “neurodivergent” mean?” published by DO-IT, University of Washington, under a Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0 License